By Eman Abdallah Kamel
Eman is a writer and an engineer. She also studied Islamic Studies (Shariah) at Zad Scientific Academy (an online academy).
Once Allah’s Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) became ill, so he couldn’t stand for prayer for a night or two (his night prayer). Then a woman came and said, `O Muhammad! I think that your devil has forsaken you.’ So Allah revealed: (By the forenoon and by the night when it darkens, your Lord has neither forsaken you nor hates you.)
Sahih [Authentic] al-Bukhari and Muslim
Ad-Duha Summary
God Almighty swears by the forenoon and by the night that He did not abandon the Prophet Muhammad nor hate him, as the infidels said when Gabriel was slow in coming to the Prophet of Allah.
Then God Almighty tells His Prophet Muhammad that the Hereafter is better for him than the life of this world, and His Lord will give him so much, and he will be satisfied.
Then Allah Almighty says to His Prophet Muhammad: Did not your Lord find you an orphan and shelter you? And He found you not knowing the faith, so He guided you. And He found you needy and then made you self-sufficient.
In the last verses, God Almighty commands the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah upon him) to be kind to orphans, give to the poor, and speak of Allah’s blessings upon him.
Explanation (Tafsir)
In the Name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.
{1} By the morning sunlight… Meaning: God Almighty swears by the forenoon (Ad-Duha), the first hours of the day. Some scholars of interpretation said it is the entire day.
{2} And the night when it darkens,
Allah Almighty swears by the night when it covers with its darkness and falls still.
{3} Your Lord has not abandoned you [O Muhammad], nor has He become detested [of you].
Jibril was delayed from coming to the Prophet Mohammad (peace and blessings be upon him) for some days. Then the idolaters began to say, `His Lord has abandoned him and hates him.’ So Allah Almighty revealed, (Your Lord has neither forsaken nor hates [you].)
Narrated by Al Bukhari and Muslim (Authentic Hadith)
God Almighty chose the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings upon him) to convey the message of Islam (submission to God), and he is the last of the prophets. Allah Almighty said:
So be patient, for the decision of your Lord, for indeed, you are in Our eyes [sight]. At-Tur (The Mount) 52:48
{4} And the next life is certainly better for you than the first [life].
Meaning: The Hereafter is better for you than this world, and for this reason, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was ascetic in this world. When he was given the choice at the end of his life between remaining in this world or moving to the company of God, he chose what is with God over this world.
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings upon him) was sleeping on a straw mat, then he stood, and the mat left marks on his side. So we said, `O Messenger of Allah! We could spread something soft over this straw mat.’ He said, “I have nothing to do with this world. I am not in the world but as a rider who rests in the shade of a tree, then passes on and leaves it.” Narrated by Abdullah bin Mas`ud, Jami` at-Tirmidhi 2377, in-book reference: Book 36, Hadith 74, English translation: Vol. 4, Book 10, Hadith 2377.
{5} And [surely] your Lord will give you that you will be well-pleased.
Meaning: In the Hereafter, your Lord will give you so much that you will be satisfied.
Then Allah Almighty mentions some of His favors upon the Prophet Mohammad (peace and blessings be upon him):
{6} Did He not find you as an orphan and give [you] shelter?
The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah upon him) was born in Mecca on the twelfth of Rabi’ al-Awwal in 570 CE. His father died before he was born. His mother, Aminah bint Wahb, died when he was six years old. The Prophet then moved to his paternal grandfather, Abd al-Muttalib. His grandfather died when he was eight years old. And then his uncle, Abu Talib, raised him. To learn more about the life of the Prophet Mohammad (peace and blessings upon him), visit The Prophet’s Life in Brief
{7} And He found you unaware and guided you… Meaning: He found you unaware. Then He guided you to monotheism and prophethood and taught you what you did not know. Allah Almighty says:
And thus We have revealed to you [O Prophet] a revelation by Our command [the Quran]. You did not know of [this] Book and faith [before], but We have made it a light by which We guide whoever We will of Our servants. And indeed, you [Mohammad] guide [all] to a Straight Path—
Ash-Shura (The Consultation) 42:52
{8} And He found you needy and made [you] self-sufficient.
The Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Blessed is the one who is guided to Islam (submission to God), has mere subsistence, and shows contentment.” [Sahih/Authentic]— Narrated by At-Termedhy and Ahmad. To learn more about this hadith, visit hadeethenc.com
Then Allah Almighty says:
{9} So as for the orphan, treat not with oppression [him].
Meaning: Do not mistreat the orphan, but rather honor him.
{10} And as for the one who asks, do not repel [him].
Meaning: If someone in need asks you to help him, do not rebuke him, but feed and help him. And the person who asks about knowledge as well.
{11} And proclaim the favor of your Lord.
Meaning: Tell about Allah’s blessings upon you. This includes religious and worldly blessings.
Benefits
- The verses call us to be kind to the orphan, treat him well, and protect him.
- The verses guide us to have good manners with those who ask, whether the one asking is asking for money, assistance, or knowledge.
- We should be thankful to God Almighty for all His blessings. The Prophet Mohammad (peace and blessings of Allah upon him) said:
Whoever does not thank people does not thank Allah. Narrated by Abu Hurayra [Sahih]—[Recorded by Abu Dawood, Al-Tirmidhi, and Ahmad]
Sources
©Eman Abdallah Kamel, 2024
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